B d B d

新托福考试现场准备倒计时

——考试现场实录

根据美国教育考试服务中心（ETS）和其在中国举办新托福网考的唯一合作伙伴教育部考试中心（下称“考试中心”）的联合公告，基于互联网的托福考试（下称“托福网考”）将于9月15日正式在成都开考。而对考试流程的熟悉对考生顺利通过考试是十分必要的。以下是新东方考生在考场中的现场实录：

考试前

索取《托福报名手册》。该手册可从托福网页上下载或订阅。网址：www.toefl.org.

ü          网上报名网址：toefl.etest.edu.cntoefl.etest.net.cn。

ü          考试费用：1370元人民币/ 170美元 。

ü          注册自己的用户名和密码，在网上报名。

ü          确定新托福考试的时间和地点。

ü          查询手册上关于如何填写及提交报名表的程序，请严格遵循该程序。

ü          考试前填报TOEFL成绩送交的学校，四所内免费。

ü          在网上打印注册表。 

进入考场前

ü          考生在考试前30分钟必须到达考场，否则主考老师有权拒绝考生参加考试。

ü          建议大家一定要早点赶到考场，因为考生开始考试的时间并不完全一样，先办完手续的考生可以先进行考试；后到的考生容易受到干扰。

ü          考场外通常会有存放物品的箱子，可以将个人物品放在里面，包括手表、考试的确认函和书包等物品。

ü          抄写誓词，考生在签完保密守则后会进行身份验证。

ü          向监考人提交自己的身份证 / 护照等有效证件，并且签到，签名。

ü          照相（考场会在现场采集考生的照片，通知考位，同时考生的照片和个人信息会在相应考位的计算机屏幕上显示，考场的老师也会指引考生到考位）。

ü       &nbp;  拿草稿纸和铅笔。

进入考场

ü          考生确定自己的信息无误，但不能碰键盘答题，由监考人员解锁后方可答题。

ü          考试开始之前，调节音量和耳机。

ü          考场的显示器有嵌入式的，也有立式的，各考场不尽相同。

ü          考场配发的耳机是由ETS专门订制的KOSS牌的SB45耳机，效果非常好，具有智能芯片，考生可以非常清晰的将自己的声音录入，同时抗干扰能力也比较好，基本听不到来自其他考生的干扰。

ü          确认在机器上显示的姓名和照片是否与自己相符。

ü          和监考人确认，开始考试。

其他信息请参看考生手册（www.ets.org； toefl.etest.edu.cn； toefl.etest.net.cn）。

正式考试：阅读　100分钟/ 5篇文章（实际考试也可能为60分钟/ 3篇文章）

ü          PART ONE：20分钟，第一篇文章字数为700字，主要介绍热岛效应在城市形成的原因、影响、及其在城市和乡村的巨大差异。

ü          （阅读题目总数为14道题，时间很紧）最后一道题目是总结全文题目，分值为2分

ü          PART TWO ：2篇文章，40 分钟

ü          PART THREE 40 分钟，2篇文章

阅读考后感

ü          文章长度比老托福明显增加，时间一定要控制好。

ü          阅读题目中的单词题的难度增加，需要多记单词

ü          再也不必进行题目定位的工作，因为ETS已经指定题目的位置

ü          题目绝大多数为传统单词题和阅读理解题。

ü          每一篇文章有一道插句子题目和最后的总结题目（文章内容概要题）。

听力：6篇文章

ü          由2个校园场景对话和4篇学术文章组成

ü          没有短对话

ü          不能再回头看题目

ü          有新的类型题，即播放一句话，要求考生确认意思

ü          考试答案有些为双选

对听力题目的总结：

ü          题目有生活类，校园生活类和学术类

ü          可以读题的准备时间很短

ü          要迅速记下所听内容要点

ü          部分内容有一定难度

口语：６道题

口语部分有六道题。前两道题是独立任务，考生完全可以依据自己的观点、见解或经历去回答问题。

1．    第一道题准备时间15秒，答题时间为45秒。一般会谈到你喜欢去的一个地方，你生活中的一件重要的事情，或是一次你难忘的活动。如Tell an important holiday in your country and tell how people celebrate it

2．    在第二道独立任务题中，你会在屏幕上看到两个不同的观点。题目要求你说说哪一种行为，或是你认为哪种观点更合理，并且给出理由和细节以解释你为什么做出这种选择。与第一题相同的是，你也有15秒钟准备，45秒钟时间做答。例如Automobiles have improved our lives while others think automobiles have caused problems. Which do you support?

另外四道题是综合任务。考生需要听一则对话或讲座中的节选内容，或先读一篇文章然后听一个简短的讨论或讲座节选，最后答题。这些问题叫做“综合任务”是因为它们将英语中的能力结合起来---听后说，或者先听后读再说。在回答此类问题的时候，你需要基于你所听到的听力材料，或听力材料和阅读材料一起来答题。

3．    在这道题中，你会在电脑屏幕中读到一篇短文，涉及与校园生活相关的话题。你会听到两个人（有的时候是一个人）谈论该话题，并且就短文中所提到的话题表达自己的观点。接着，依据你所读到和听到的内容，你要回答所听到的一个问题。你将有６０秒钟时间做答。

4．    第四题是综合任务的第二道题。在这道题中，你需要先读一篇学术类短文然后听一个教授就此话题作的讲座的一部分。然后会有一个问题需要考生根据听力和阅读材料答题。在60秒钟内答题。

5．    综合任务中的第五题和第六题无需阅读文章。第五题基本都是一些日常对话或者学生在学校中可能遇到的问题。在第五题中，你会听到一个校园场景的对话，然后回答一个关于这个对话的问题。对话中两人通常是讨论一个问题外加两个解决方案。问题可能是其中一个人的也有可能是他们两个人的问题。听力材料之后，通常考生需要简单描述对话中的问题以及表达对对话中提到的解决方案的观点。考生有60秒的答题时间。

6．    第六题是学术类题目。在这个问题中，你首先会听一段教授就某一个学术问题的授课的节选，然后要求你就此节选内容答题。答题时间60秒钟。

写作：两道题　50分钟

ü          第一题：综合写作，美国社会在吸收医生进入乡村时存在很多问题。随后一个教授对此情况进行了驳斥。

ü          第二题：学生是否应当天天上课，还是只是参加考试就可以了。（与ETS出版的《新托福考试官方指南》的267页中的Topic List中的题目基本一样。）

对写作题的评述：

■本身并不难，只要看懂文章意思就可以完全攻克。

■只要按照写作套路来组织思想，很容易就可拿下。

基于互联网的托福考试将于9月15日首次考试后再次增加多场考试。由于每次考点容量有限，请广大还没有报名的考生参考个人情况，选择适合的日期，尽快到教育部考试中心的网站http://toefl.etest.edu.cn或http://www.etest.net.cn去注册报名。报名参加托福网考的考生在报名前请仔细阅读考生须知、报名程序说明等文件。具体报名操作网上写得很详细，请大家仔细阅读。北京新东方祝广大新托福考生在新托福考试中取得好成绩，早日实现自己的留学目标。

附录：托福网考考生须知 （http://toefl.etest.edu.cn/cn/Information）

Emergency ability

1、 Because of the objective reason, the tour group want to leave in advance, as a local guide, how to deal with it?
1,the local guide should as far as possible to save time, arrange the tour in the plan; 2,report to the travel agency, contact with the hotel, return the room, dinner, bus and so on .3, as far as possible to inform the next station to change the receipt plan.

2、 According to the receipt plan and reservation time, local guide can’t receive the group, how to deal with it?
1,immediately contact with travel agency, and find out the reason; 2,contact with airport and ask if the group board; 3,if don’t’ need much time , local guide can sty at the airport; 4,if postpone is too long, the local guide should rearrange receipt affairs according to the travel agency.

3、 How to avoid leaving out the receipt?
1,read the receipt plan, know the group’s arrival date, time, receipt place, number of train and so on; 2,check the correct arrival time; 3,arrive the station half an hour in advance and wait for the coming of the group.

4、 How to deal with the mistake in receipt?
1,if the mistake is happened between two groups in the same agency, no longer exchange the groups unless the travel agency don’t agree with it; 2,if mistake happens in another travel agency, the guide should immediately report to the ravel agency and try to as soon as possible exchange the groups and make apology to the tourist.

5、 How to avoid delaying the airplane?
1,the local guide with the national guide should fix the tickets in advance, check and confirm the date, time, number, destination and so on.; 2,before leaving, don’t let the tourist go to the complex place and so on; 3,arrange abundant time g to the airport(station, harbor) and make sure that the group leaving location, help to carry out the check-in(train, ship)procedure, and leave on time.

6、 How to deal with delaying the airplane (train, ship)?
1,immediately report to the travel agency, ask for help; 2,as soon as possible contact with airport, and try to let the tourist leave with the recent airplane; 3,stabilize the tourist’s motion, and arrange dinner, dormitory, traffic and sight-seeing, make apology to the tourist; 4,as soon as possible inform the nest station in order to adjust the plan; 5, write an accident report and make clear the reason.

7、 If the tourist lose the passport, how to deal with it ?
1,based on the tourist application, the travel agency sign a proof to carry out a temporary passport; 2,tourist can take the proof, oneself photograph, arrive to the local public security official organization foreigner immigration administrative office ,and take another proof.; 3,take the pubic security official organization’s proof and go t the country in china’s embassy to carry out the new passport; 4,get the new passport again to the public security official organization to carry out the visa procedure.

8、 If the tourist lose something important, how to deal with it?
1,confirm if it is really stolen and report to the travel agency, local public security official organization, the travel agency insurance company that insure, help to seek and try to clear a criminal case; 2,if it can’t be found out, let the public security official organization give a proof in order to return to country to check and ask the insurance to pay; 3,the local guide should comfort the owner and alleviate his displeasure motion.

9、 How to avoid the tourist mislead?
1,remind the tourist, for example, the name of the agency, number of bus, name of hotel, telephone number and so on; 2,report the arrangement, let the tourist know the itinerary, time, parking lot and assembly time; 3,the guide can’t leave the group and often check the number of the tourist, don’t let them leave far in free time; 4,the local guide, the national guide and the leader should often contact with each other and take care of the group.

10、How to deal with the tourist walk to lose?
1,generally, the national guide and the leader organize the member to look for, and the local guide lead the other member to continue the sight-seeing; 2,inform the local pubic security official organization to look for; 3,report to the ravel agency; 4,contact with the hotel, inquire if they have retuned to the hotel; 5,if don’t find out, the team can return to the hotel, the local guide, the national guide and the leader leave two people to continue look for, after finding out can take the other bus to return to the hotel; 6,if the local guide’s mistake, make apology to the loser, if the tourist’s mistake, warn them to notice

11、A foreign tourist has the heavy disease, how to do?
1,the local guide should immediately inform the travel agency to send the person for help, and let the leader seek ones relatives to accompany to the hospital, and the local guide should continue tour with the others; 2,if need surgical operation, should be signed by the relatives or other officer; 3,if need stay in the hospital and can’t return to the country with the group, the local guide should help to carry out the separation visa, traffic ticket and some relative procedure; 4,tell the patient pay the fee, the rest complex service will be returned to him(her); 5,some data about treatment and so on should be copied in order to store by the travel agency.

12、How to deal with the traffic accident, when the tour group come back?
1,immediately rescue the wounded member, the leader and the national guide take them to hospital; 2,call 110 and keep the scene intact; 3,prport to th travel agency, some relative administrations and insurance company; 4,stabilize the tourist mood and continue
the sight-seeing; 5,it is best to give the signatures with the leader and write an accident report.

13、How to deal with food poisoning?
1,drink a lot water to accelerate to excrete, alleviate the poison and try to vomit; 2,immediately send to hospital to rescue and invite doctor to write a proof; 3,immediately report to the travel agency and check the duty to cause the food poisoning.

14、A friend of the tourist ask to accompany with group, how to do?
1,respect the leader and the agency’s opinion; 2,contact with ravel agency, if the leader and the agency approve, carry out the procedure and hand over the expenses; 3,the diplomacy official or reporter can’t accompany with unless the agency and relative administration agree with.

15、If the tourist ask you to remove something to his friend, how to do?
1,ask what in the wood box and open the wood box immediately, if valuable thing or the food should be refused and the tax product should be paid tax; 2,if it is general thing, should write a note if the people receive and the receiver should write a receipt to agency, sign and inform the client; 3,note and receipt should be given to the agency to store.

16、I f a tourist fall and make crus fracture, how to do?
1,first the guide should stanch the blood wrap and firm the joint; 2,send to the hospital on time, keep all the lists in order to ask for paying with insurance company; 3,inform the agency and write the accident report.

17、For some objective reason, the airport can’t take off, how to do?
1,patiently explain to tourist because of the weather, everybody should comprehend, and the local guide should stabilize the tourist’s motion; 2,ask the second airplane departure time and arrange the baggage; 3,report to ravel agency and arrange the tourist food and dormitory problem, inform the breakfast of whole group tomorrow morning and the departure time, assembly place; 4,ynform the next station to change the plan.

18、How to avoid the car-sickness phenomenon?
1,the local guide should know the car-sickness circumstance among the tourist, and remind their to have medicine, advice them to take a little meal; 2,look after them to as far as possible sit the forepart in bus and close the window, tight trousers belt, prevent the internal organs vibration, and increase the condition.

19、How to deal with the public security accident?
1,lock the door tightly, especially don’t open the door in the evening; 2,the valuable goods should be consigned, don’t put them in the room; 3,don’t leave anything in the bus; 4,tell the driver to lock the door and windows after the tourist get off; 5,on the way, don’t let unfamiliar people get on the bus; 6,the local guide must accompany with the group and prevent the public security accident.

20、A foreigner want to buy curio and painting in the stall, how to do?
1,tell him to buy in the appointed culture relic shop and the stall can’t be reliable; 2,remind him to keep the guarantee and the seal for check-in.

21、A foreigner has to return the country, how to deal with it?
1,after both travel agencies consultation, can satisfy his request; 2,help guest carry out the separation visa, rebook the ticket, but the tourist pay the money; 3,the rest complex service fee return or not.

22、the tourist want to swim at the nearest beach, how to do?
1,don’t let them go to the natural beach; 2,the local guide can take them to the swimming poor and remind them to pay attention to safety.

23、Two hours before dinner, the tourist want to change the dinner, how to do?
1,according to conventionally if three hours in advance, the local guide should contact with the restaurant and satisfy them; 2,if the time is very short, the guide can refuse and explain; 3,if the tourist insist on changing dinner, the guide can tell them to pay the fee themselves.

24、If the tourist lose the baggage on the way, how to do?
1,check the rooms in the hotel if the baggageman make a mistake; 2,if can’t find out, immediately contact with the agency and the baggageman; 3,if can’t find out either, report to the agency for help; 4,ask the tourist to write a list about baggage

Mt.Emei is one of the "four famous mountains"in China. It lies about 168km from Chengdu, the capital of Sichuan Province. Before the tour of the holy mountain, it is important to obtain some inforation about the spread of Buddhism in China, Buddhism in Mt. Emei and its hiking routes.

　　The Spread of the Buddhism

　　Buddhism was founded in India around the 16th century BC. It is said that the founder was Sakyamuni. Sskyua was the name of the clan to which his family belonged. Sakyamuni was a prince and was brought up in luxury. In his 20s, he became discontented with the world. Every day he had to face with sights of sickness, death and old age since the body was inescapably involved with disease, decrepitude and death. Around the age of 30 he made his break from the material world and plunged off in search of enlightenment.

　　Sakyamuni began by studying Hindu philosophy and Yoga. Then he joined a band of ascetics and tried to break the power of his body by inflicting severe austerities on himself. However, no matter how he held his breath until his head burst and starved his body until his ribs jutted out, he failed to enlighten himself. Finally Sakyamuni followed the principle of the middle way in which he would live between the extremities of asceticism on one hand and indulgence on the other. As the story goes, he devoted the final phase of his search for enlightenment to meditation and mystic concentration. One evening he sat beneath a fig tree, slipped into a deep meditation and achieved enlightenment from his mystic concentration.

　　Sakyamuni founded an order of monks and for the next 45 years or so peached his ideas around 480 BC. Sakyamuni teaches that all life is suffering. Everyone is subjected to the trauma of birth, to sickness, decrepitude and death. Real happiness can't be achieved until suffering is overcome. The cause of unhappiness is 'desires',specifically the desire of the body and the desire personal fulfillment. In order to overcome the desirs and achieve happiness, it requires the following eight-fold path.

　　1.Right knowledge

　　Buddhist followers should believe that all life is suffering. It is caused by the desire for personal gratification.

　　2.Right Aspiration

　　Buddhist followers should becomw passionately involved with the knowledge of what life's problems basically are.

　　3.Right Speech

　　Buddhist followers shousd avoid lies, idle talk, abuse,alander and deceit.

　　4.Right Behavior

　　Buddhist followers should show kindness and avoid self-seeking and personal fulfillment in all actions.

　　5.Right Livelihood

　　Buddha considers spiritual progress impossible if one has occupied himself/herself with slave-dea-ling or prostitution.

　　6.Right Effort

　　The effort os the will to develip virtues and curb paddion.

　　7.Right Mindfulness

　　Buddhist followers should practise self-exami-nation and cultivate themselves to overcome the state of semi-alertness and become aware of what os happwning to them.

　　8.Right Absorption

　　The absorption involves the techniques of Hinduism's raja yoga and leads to the same goal.

　　By following the eight fokd pah, Buddhist followers aims to attain Nirvana, a condition beyond the limits of the mind, feelings, thoughts, the will and ecstasy. Buddhism accepts the concept of reincarnation, the circle of rebirth; it accepts the law of cause and effort.

　　Buddhism has many sects, of which the Mahayana and the hinayana are two major schools. The Mahayana holds that the fate of the individual is linked to the fate of all others. The Buddha won't float off into his own Nirvana leaving other peope behind. He not ony shows the people the way up into their Nirvana, but also continues to exude spiritual help to those seeking Nirvana. The Hinayana holds that the path to Nirvana is an individual purauit. People who seek Nirvana must tread the path to Nirvana on their own.

　　Mahayana Buddhism is generally believed to have been ntroduced into regions inhabited by the Han people around the first century A.D.In the Wei and Jin Dynasties(220-420) it spread to a fairly large part of the country. During the Southern anB Northern Dynasties(420-589) the ruling cladd furthered the dissemination of Buddhism. More temples and monasteries were built; Buddhist scriptures were translated. The influence of Buddhism was felt everywhere across the conutry. By the Sui and Tang Dynasties(581-907) Buddhism had reached its apex of popularity and splendor.

　　Buddhism gradually took root in the Chinese soiety, having adapted considerably to Chinese ways of thinking and practice. As the most influential religion in China, Buddhism has an impact on Chinese philosophy, morality, literature, art and many other foelds.

　　Buddhism in Mt.Emei

　　It is almost two thousand years since Buddhism was introduced from India. Its monasteries covers everywhere in China except a few Daoist mountains like Mt. Qingcheng. It is commonly said that Buddhist monks have occupied much mote well-known mountains for their Buddhist ptrpose than Daoist priests. However, most of Buddhist followers bwliwvw that only the fotr famous mountains in China are the Buddhist holy places. They are Mt. Wmei in Sicuan, Mt. Putuo in Zhejiang, Mt. Wuta in Shaanxi and Jiuhua in Anhui. Each mountain is dedicated to different Bodhisattvas. In Chinese Bodhisattva usually is referred as pusa, a potential Buddha, who has achieved perfect enlightenment and decided to bring salvation to all suffering creatures before entering into Nirvana. Therefore, each Bodhisattva has his own ritual place to salvage suffering creatures .Wenshu performs the Buddhist rites in Mt Wuta, and Guanyin in Mt. Putuo. Dizang is said to have gained enlightenment in Mt Jiuhua. Puxian is regarded as one of the four well-known Bodhisattvas of China's Buddhism. Legend has it that Mt. Emei in Sichuan is the place where he performs the Buddhist rites. Puxian and Wenshu appear in a pair in suppirt of Sakymuni. They usually stand side by side with Sakymuni. The middle. Puxian is the right attendant. He rides a white elephant, and Wenshu a lion as we often see in monasteries. Wenshu is a symbol of Wisdom while Puxian Benevolence. Buddhism encourages its followers to study hard at the Buddhist theory, and then use what they have learnt to do charitable works for the purpose of salvaging the suffering creatures. More likely Wisdom and Benevolence display the Buddhist proceess step by step.

　　One of the Buddhist doctrines says that after Puxian achieved perfect enlightenment, he vowed to retrn back to the world and not to accept his own salvation until all sentient beings, humans and animals had been saved. Puxian went out on his elephant to realize his ambition. his six-tusk elephant enjoys a high statue in the Buddhist world known as the Elephant King. Wannian Monastery is dedicated to the gilded statue of Puxian who sits on the white elephant. This statue, 8.5m high, is cast in copper and bronze, weighing estimatedly 62,000kg in a brick hall .One doctrine says:"Puxian has many images. He puts himself into different forms based on the Buddhist predestined relationship. The ordinary human beings can only see him in a human bodily form, who sometimes stands by Sakyamuni,or simetimes rides on his white elephant." According to the explanation of the Buddhist texts, it is almost impossible for the ordinary human beings to see Puuxian's Fa and Bao images unless they hike up to the Golden summit of the mountain, where the pious Buddhists may see Puxian's Bao image in Buddhist Aureole-rainbow rings. In ancient times the Buddhist Aureole was called the illuminant image,which indicates that the Puxian reveals himself in his BUddhist Aureole only before the people who have the Buddhist predestined relationship.It is the iluminant image in the Golden Summit that has made the mountain nationally famous.

　　At the beginning of the Eastern Han Dynasty,Buddhism came imto China.It is commonly said that Buddhism began to develop in Sichuan during the Eastern Jin Dynasty .It is very hard to find out when the first monastery was built,and who was the first Buddhist monk to perform his rites in the mountain.The local historical records have no written information about Buddhism in the mountain,which occurred before the Jin Dynasty. As early as in 400 a monk by the name of Huichi arrived at Mt. Emei. At that time only a few ascetic practitioners lived in the animal-haunted mountain.Staying with them,Huichi started to build a temple with a statue of Puxian set up inside .The current Wan Nian Monastery grew out of the earliest temple.Huichi was considered the founder of Buddhism in the mountain.

　　During the Western Jin Dynasty (265-317) a Daoist priest by the name of Qianming estab lished a Daoist temple called Qian Ming Temple in the mountain.It was the biggest Daoist temple in the mountain where a hundred Daoists priests performed Daoism . At the beginning of the southern and Nouthern Dynasties(420-550), the priests decided to choose their head to be in charge of the temple. However, they had an endless dispute because of the difference of opinions . A Bddhist monk by the name of Mingguo went to the temple and taught the priests Buddhism.Finally all the priests were converted to Buddhism, and the Daoist temple became a Buddhist monastery by the name of Zhong Feng Moonastery,During the Southern and Nouthern Dynasties,Buddhism developed in the mountain.A monk from India came to Sichuan.His name was Baozhang,the first foreign monk who arrived at the mountain after his short stay in Chengdu.According to the local historical records,Baozhang set up a monastery by the name of Ling Yan Monastery.A stream flowed along the foreground of the monastery.

Behind it ,over a misty mountain,dark trees merged imperceptibly into the rest of the landscape.The monastery continued its development in the following dynasties.It was said that the monastery was the biggest in the mountain with 48 halls inside in the Ming Dynasty.Unfortu-nately it was destyroyed by a fire towards the end of the Ming Dynasty. During his stay in China Baozhang translated Buddhist scriptures into Chinese and made a contribution to the culture exchange between China and India.

　　During the Tang Dynasty (618-907) Buddhism in Sichuan developed considerably because some emperors supported Buddhism During their reins .some important Buddhist constructions were set up in Sichuan such as Bao Guang Monastery (the divine light monastery) in xindu County ,the Giant Buddha in Leshan City ,and Wen Shu Monastery in Chengdu.Of course, Buddhism in the mountain was no exception.Some famous monks kept visiting the mountain.

　　Xuan Zang made a pilgrimage to the sacred land of India to collect manuscripts and images and visit the well-known shrines from 629 to 645, leaving a valuable account of his travels in his "Records of the western Regions", Before his journey ,Xuan Zang came to the mountain.He visited Puxian,earnestly hoping to get blessings from him .On his way up to the mountain he came across an old monk who offerd him a Buddhist scripture. After reading it ,Xuan zang felt more confident for his long journey to india.Legend has it that Puxian put himself in the bodily form of the old monk .From 779 to 805, Weigao, the local top military commander in west Sichuan, donated to support Buddhist development both in Leshan and Mt.E-mei.During the rein of Xizong(874-888) of the Tang Dynasty, a well-known monk by the name of Huitong came to the mountain from Zhijiang. He stayed in Baishui Monastery as the abbot, He employed many workers to maintain and enlarge the existed monasteries, and at the same time he himself arrfanged workers to establish Qingyin Pavilion Monastery. He even invited his yiunger sister huixu, a Buddhist nun to stay in He Shui Monastery. Huixu was the first unu in Mt. Emei.

　　During the Song Dynasty Buddhism in the moutain further developed, In 964 Zhao Kuangyin the first empperor of the Song dynasty sent a 300-member-delegation of monks headed by Jiye, a well-known monk to India to obtain Buddhist scriptures, In 976 they came back with Buddhist materials and images. Due to Jiye's great deeds, Emperor Taizhong honored him by allowing him to choose a place in China to perform his Buddhism. Jiye decided to go to Mt. Emei, where he stayed in Niuxin Monastery to perform his Buddhist rites. Zao Kuangyin also asked one of his assistants by the name of Zhang to come to Chingdu, where Zhang was responsible for casting a 8.50-meter-high statue of Puxian in copper and bronze, and then transporting it to the Baishui Monastery on the site of the Wannian Monastery. Several Sing emperors kept presenting Buddhist scriptures, paintings and valuable gifts to Baishui Monasters stood at the lower part of the mountain. At that time only a few visitors or monks hiked the mountain via the current Wannian Monastery. The monasteries above Wsnnisn Monsastery remained very primitive, still less the monastery on the Golden Summit, which was no more than a wooden house without a monk to live in.

　　During the Ming and Qing Dynasties most of the emperors helped develop Buddhism in China. Zhu Yuanzhang, the first ming Emperor used to be a monk. In his monk career Zhu Yuanzhang had a closecontact with a monk by the name of Guangji who later worked in a monastery in the mountain. Zhu Yuanzhang asked him to reestablisshed Xiwa Monastery. After the completion of the monastery, Zhu Yuanzhang summoned him to stay in the capital of the Ming Dynasty, but Guangju kindly refsed the invitqation and cotinued his stay in the mountain.

　　Zhu Yijun was the ling-reining Ming Emperor (1573-1620) who was buried in Dingling, one of the ming Tombs. he and his two wives reposed in the underground palace, which was excavatedf in August, 1956. As a story goes, his mother wanted very much to give a birth to a boy in order to inherit the imperial throne. Therefore, she came to the mountain where she kneeled before the statue of Puxian in Baishui Monastery vowing that she would establish a new monastery and gilt the statue of Puxian if she was blessed to have a boy. Soon afterwards Zhu Yijun was born, and he himself ascended the throne as expected. In 1600 the emperor issued an imperial edit to establish a beamless brick hall and gilt the statue of Puxian on the white elephant. He even renamed Baishui Monastery as Wannian Monastery to celebrate his mother's birthday.

　　In 1602 four bronze halls were cast in Changan on the current site of Xi'an. One of them was moved up to the top of the mountain from which the Golden Summut was named. The hall was 8m high and 5m wide. There are no written records about how the hall was carried uyp the mountain. Unfortunately the hall was completely destroyed by a fire. In 1828 a monk by the name of Yuexzhao collected donations to set up a glazed-golden-roof brick hall, which replaced the bronxe hall. In 1972 another fire occurred, The hall, a telecom tower and andther monastery were all destroyed. The new monastery completed in 1990 still bears traces of its original splendor.

　　Towards the end of the Ming Dynasty, Buddhism declined because of a local war, which lasted many years in Sichuan. By the end of the Qing Dynasty Buddhism in the mountain had been restored as much as in the Ming Dynasty. Both Baoguo and Fuhu monasteries were enlatged in the Qing Dynasty and now become the largest ones in the mountain.

　　Before 1949, there were more than 70 monasteries and over 3,000 monks in all in the mountain. The monasteried owned a large amount of farming land to stpport the monks. Half of farmers at the foot of the mountain worked for the monasteries.

　　Routes concerned

　　Every Chinese or overseas visitor enkoys climbing to the top of Mt. Emei——the Golden Summit more than 10,000-feet-high. The mountain itself is shrouded in the ever-hanging cloud of fog. Fir trees, pines and cedarsclithe the slopes; lofty crags, cloud-kissing precipices, butterflies and azaleas together form a nature reserve of sorts. At the Golden Summit one stands above the fog and gets a beautiful view, especially in the early morning when mountaintops are bathed in the radiance of the rising sun. Late in the tare afternoon the viewers may see the Magic Light,which appears as a multicolored ring of light in the sky with the shadow of the viewer moves. This light phenomenon was traditionally known as Buddha's Aureole or the Emei Buddhist Glory. Actually it is a rainbow ring, produced by tefraction of water particles that attach themselves to a person's shadow in a cloudbank below the summit. Devout Buddhists, thinking this was a call from yonder,used to jump off the Cliff of Self-Sacrifice in the belief that they would thus encounter Puxian. So during the Ming and Qing dynasties officials set up iron poles and chain railings to prevent sticides.

　　Totrists usually start their ascent of the mountain at Baoguo Monastery, originally constructed in the 6th century but entirely rebuilt in the 17th. There are two paths to Jinding, named after a glistening bronxe hall that once crowned the main peak of the mountain. The northern path is wide and easy to follow. The southern path is more rugged and winding. Because it is easier to go up than to come down, most people ascend by the southern route and return on the northern one. At predent there is a cable-car transportation up to the summit. Tourists can continue either on foot or by cable-car.

　　The northern route passes Bailong Cave, Wannian Monastery and Zhanlao Terrace. The southern route passes through Fuhu Monastery, Qingyinge Monastery, Jiulao Cave and Yuxian Monastery. The two paths converge and lead to Xixian Poolm so called after the legend that Puxian passed here on his white elphant, which he washed in the pool before resuming his trip. Xixi9an Pool is the place where tourists frequently come across wild monkeys who usually stand along the path begging for food from tourists. The Chinese find the monkeys an integral part of the mountain trip and like to offer them some food fo0r fun. If you have no food, you should thrust open palms towards the monkeys to show you have no food. The path continues to Leidongping Tettace, a small temple in which the thunder god was supposed to live, and finally to jinding-the Golden Summit itself.

　　The hiking is spectacular and tiring, and the path difficult to follow in places. No matter whether you ascend or descend, youy have to keep a cautious eye on the next step. You should stop occasionally to get a longer view and enjoy the beautiful scenes. The scenery is also and excusw to rest and let your pounding hearts slow down. Whenever you come across a lovely waterfall and spectacular gorge, you should sit by the waterfall, content with the stately beauty and blessings of that spot.

To love and win is the best thing.

To love and lose, the next best.

ife is beautiful.

rock'nd roll concert

2005 X'mas day

3:00PM--8:30AM 

Joshua Love

Vocal of Proximity Butterfly

X'mas Eve

sweet memory:)

Very happy and a little bit busy.

I will try to be happy and stay healthy everyday in this year.

Wish all my friends and families will be the same.

Well, 2006 must  be full of challenge and harvest to us all.

Here we go!

Our departement arrange us a nice dinner of roast mutton in  zoology garden last night.Sitting arround the grindiron in the Mongonlia tent and sharing the delicious motton made me feel very warm and agreeable.

The zoology garden is quite near our abode. It is an unexpected gain that I found it is such a capacious place with green glassland, lake,bridge,villas and playrooms. It is really a good place to spend holiday also a nice small garden to take a walk in on usual day.

I went to Chengdu New oriental school today for the interview. They are looking for maths teachers to teach the course for graduated entrance test  The chage is a nice young guy who had been a teacher of SWFU. He told me to have an audition on next Wednesday.

It is an arduous work to be outstanding among so many competitors. Will I be one of the three favorites? God bless me!

Well,have a good sleep in my new warm cute bedgown:)

Lordfight is a famous squeezer game in Chengdu or even in China.It is a three people game which has a lord and two vassals.The vassals' task is to gang up against the lord.Here is the detail of this game:

I am not a good liar.

When Eric sent the SMS to me and asked me why I did not go to the class of my tutor I lied to him that I took a meeting.I feel shame and disgusted of this action,I can not accept it.

I beg the parden of him and myself.